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As we age, the risk of developing certain eye conditions, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), increases. This condition is a leading cause of vision loss, and risk factors include lifestyle choices and diet. Genetics can also play a significant role in the development of AMD and how it progresses in an individual. Continue reading to learn how genetics affects your risk of developing AMD.
Understanding AMD
AMD affects the central vision, which is necessary for essential tasks like reading, driving, recognizing faces, and seeing fine details. The disease is characterized in part by damage to a portion of the retina; it causes vision loss as a result of gradual deterioration of light-sensing cells found in the tissue at the back of the eye. Peripheral vision is typically not affected, but you may notice other changes in vision in the early stages of the condition, such as slow adjustment of vision in darkness and diminished vision in dim light.
There are two main types of AMD:
Dry: This is the most common type of AMD. Both genetic and environmental factors have a role in this form of AMD. The loss of vision is usually gradual and generally occurs one eye at a time.
Wet: Wet AMD is less common and usually leads to more severe vision loss. In this type of AMD, abnormal blood vessels begin to generate beneath the retina, leaking fluid, and this can cause significant vision loss.
AMD symptoms include:
- Blurry vision
- Straight lines may appear wavy
- Blind spots in the center of vision
- Loss of central vision
AMD and Genetics
Research has pointed to the variations in two genes being connected to developing AMD and the progression of the disease. They are known as the ARMS2/HTRA genes and the complement cascade group of genes. The presence of these genetic variants means that an individual may have a higher risk of AMD.
AMD, in some cases, appears to run in families. Those with AMD tend to have at least one close relative, such as a parent, that also has the condition.
AMD Treatment at Bochner Eye Institute
The Bochner Eye Institute uses the Corneal Laser for Macular Degeneration for the treatment of this condition, an innovative procedure that improves vision for patients with AMD. Our specialists are committed to helping patients restore and maintain their vision, as well as their quality of life. To schedule a consultation, contact our office by calling or emailing today.